1. Pre--Studying
   To determine how to approach preparing for an exam, you need to ask yourself some questions and make a list of what will be covered on the exam to inform your plan for preparation. Ask yourself:

   • What will I be expected to know on this exam ?
   • How much of this information do I already know ?
   • Make list of topics, chapters, ideas or themes that will be covered on the exam.

   The difference between what you already know and what you need to know is the informational gap that you fill in while studying. The size of your gap depends on the amount of time and energy you have expended since the course began as well as the professor's expectations. You want to be sure that your energy is expended in the most effective way possible. It's worth taking the time to assess the situation and create an optimal study plan for yourself.


2. Categorize the Information
   After confirming the concepts, theories, information and/or formulas required for the exam, test yourself to see what you know. Check for recall and understanding, not merely recognition. Write out or say a definition; don't merely say, "Oh, yeah. I know that one."

   • Determine your "gap": the weaker areas you need to focus on.
   • Categorize information into a chart of Know/Need to Know.
 
3. Study
   This is your opportunity to fill in the information gap between what you know and what you need to know. Focus your study into 1.5 hour sessions several times a day. Study what you don't know first with a focus on re-learning until you can categorize into the KNOW category. Study actively. Do problems, create charts, concept maps, timelines or summaries, write outlines.


4. Processing
   At this point, you will be able to deeply process the information you have learned by manipulating it. Deep processing brings about long-term memory. There are many ways to do this. You need to find the way that best works for you, which may vary depending on the subject matter and the test format.
   Some suggestions:

   • Make connections to your prior knowledge, other course work and other interests.
   • Note your critical reaction and creative ideas about the material.
   • For essay tests, make up possible questions and write or outline answers.
   • Draw a visual concept map showing how the specific informational material relates to larger ideas.
   • Discuss the subject with a classmate or in a study group format.
   • Explain what you have learned to a friend.

For more information contact The Learning Skills Specialist at
(610) 660-1846